The induction of heat shock (stress) proteins (HSP) is a response by c
ells due to a variety of physical, chemical, and infectious agents. Th
ey have a significant role as cytoprotectants, in the regulation of ce
llular functions, and in the recovery after sublethal injury. Using an
tibody to mammalian HSP 72/73, we have performed an immunohistological
study of human renal tissue in normal and diseased states, including
idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, proliferative and crescentic glomerulon
ephritis, and interstitial nephritis. A significant increase of HSP ex
pression was noted in certain segments of the tubule in acute intersti
tial nephritis and in glomerulonephritis accompanied by active interst
itial inflammation. A possible role by the inflammatory mediators in t
he induction of HSP in those cases is suggested.