Many factors may contribute to anemia in patients with cancer. This ar
ticle describes the clinical presentation, laboratory features, and pa
thophysiologic mechanisms that may be involved in patients with malign
ant disease and emphasizes the importance of recognizing the treatable
causes of anemia. New information about the role of tumor-associated
cytokine production in the anemia of malignancy is discussed, together
with evidence for the use of therapeutic recombinant erythropoietin.