Our aim is to compute the lower moments of the unpolarized and polariz
ed deep-inelastic structure functions of the nucleon on the lattice. T
he theoretical basis of the calculation is the operator product expans
ion. To construct operators with the appropriate continuum behavior ou
t of the bare lattice operators, one must absorb the effects of moment
um scales far greater than any physical scale into a renormalization o
f the operators. In this work we compute the renormalization constants
of all bilinear quark operators of leading twist and spin up to four.
The calculation is done for Wilson fermions and in the quenched appro
ximation where dynamical quark loops are neglected.