Syphilis should not be forgotten in the era of HIV. It continues to ha
ve an adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes, especially in some Aborigi
nal communities. A cluster of five syphilis-associated foetal deaths i
s described. To effectively address sexually transmitted diseases, Abo
riginal health workers have been employed to promote a community-based
approach to both primary and secondary prevention. The importance of
antenatal care, with an appropriate and more intensive program for syp
hilis screening, is discussed.