Force control is the main challenge in force/motion control of constra
ined robots, This paper presents a composite adaptive controller to de
al with the force error. The proposed controller is designed and analy
zed in two steps. In the first step, the force error is shown to be as
ymptotically proportional to the residual force, A force feedback sign
al is introduced to reduce the force error. The second step presents a
n analytical study on a composite adaptive controller with a focus on
the convergence of the residual force. It is proven that the proposed
adaptive controller is able to achieve zero tracking and force errors
without the persistent excitations.