CANDIDA OVERGROWTH AFTER TREATMENT OF DUODENAL-ULCER - A COMPARISON OF CIMETIDINE, FAMOTIDINE, AND OMEPRAZOLE

Acid-reducing drugs can cause increased growth of microbes, including fungus, because of high gastric pH. Our purpose was to evaluate the oc currence of mycotic infection in patients with duodenal ulcer on anti- ulcer therapy and to compare the effects of cimetidine, famotidine, an d omeprazole. Eighty patients with duodenal ulcer (62 males and 18 fem ale patients, 16-65 years old) were evaluated for mycotic infection be fore and after 6 weeks of therapy (cimetidine, 20 patients; famotidine , 40 patients; omeprazole, 20 patients). Mycotic infection was diagnos ed by endoscopic biopsy from the ulcer edge subjected to smear, cultur e, and histopathology and by endoscopic brush samples and gastric aspi rate. On the basis of these studies, patients were categorized as havi ng no fungal growth, saprophytic growth, or significant fungal growth. Thirty-five (43.8%) patients had evidence of fungus before ulcer ther apy, and 16 of the 35 (20%) had significant fungal growth. The fungal isolation rate was higher in older patients (greater than or equal to 45 years of age) and in those with an ulcer size greater than or equal to 2 cm. While there was no significant increase in the total number of patients with evidence of fungus after therapy (n = 36), there was a significant increase in those with significant growth (n = 27, p < 0 .05) compared with pretreatment status. We found that posttreatment ga stric pH of greater than or equal to 4 was associated with a higher fu ngal positivity rate (59.4%) than pH values <4 (32.4%, p < 0.05). Howe ver, neither the type of drug used nor the response in terms of ulcer healing correlated with the presence of fungus. Regardless of the type of drug used, acid-reducing therapy is associated with increased sign ificant fungal growth.