As we approach the 21st century, specialty training programs in dermat
ology are feeling increasing pressures that have begun to erode clinic
al teaching, Full-time faculty members are being asked to spend more t
ime in patient care to support an increasing portion of their income o
r are spending more time to develop laboratory data and write grant ap
plications to survive in a brutally competitive academic world. Other
faculty members are leaving academic medicine for private practice hav
ing decided that the risk-reward ratio is no longer acceptable. In Cal
ifornia, the state government has implemented a plan that decreases sp
ecialty residency positions and their funding in favor of primary care
positions. Third-party payers are becoming more restrictive in paying
for inpatient and outpatient dermatologic services. Dermatologic inpa
tient, services in some university teaching programs have been elimina
ted. Third-party payers are also balking al subsidizing teaching and r
esearch activities at teaching hospitals.