Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is a powerful pulmonary vasodila
tor which also prevents adhesion and aggregation of platelets, control
s growth of smooth muscle, and influences the expression of growth pro
moting and vasoactive substances. Impaired endothelial NO production c
ontributes to pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodelling in s
everal forms of pulmonary hypertension. Exogenous NO gas delivered via
the airspaces is a selective pulmonary vasodilator now used as treatm
ent in various lung disorders.