THE EXPERIENCE OF HEAD-INJURY ON THE IMPAIRMENT OF GENDER IDENTITY AND GENDER-ROLE

Objectives. This study explored the disruption of gender identity and gender role as a result a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method. Four a dults (two men, two women) who sustained a TBI between the ages of 18 and 30 years and were at least I year postinjury participated in six I -hr interviews concerning changes in (a) perceived masculinity or femi ninity, (b) involvement in intimate relationships, (c) enactment of ge nder roles, and (d) organization of activities that support gender rol es. Results. The men expressed greater feelings, of gender inadequacy postinjury than did the women and appeared to have greater difficulty resolving rites of passage (e.g., achievement of the adult work role, marriage, parenting) and developmental issues characteristic of the li fe which they experienced their injury The men appeared to depend more heavily on traditional gender-specific activities before and after in jury to define and support gender vole; the women relied more on cross -gender activities. The women appeared to be able to maintain more pre injury activities postinjury than did the men. Conclusion. Postinjury possession of a personally satisfying sense of gender appears to be re lated to the ability to maintain much of the preinjury activities that defined and supported the participants' sense of masculinity or femin inity The ability to satisfactorily resolve rites of passage or develo pmental issues characteristic of the life stage at which the brain inj ury occurred appears to be related to the ability to participate in ac tivities that define and express gender role during that particular li fe stage.