Hr. Unnava et al., INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF PRESENTATION MODALITY AND MESSAGE-GENERATED IMAGERY ON RECALL OF ADVERTISING INFORMATION, Journal of consumer research, 23(1), 1996, pp. 81-88
We argue that imaging is a cognitive process that uses the same mental
resources as perception. Therefore, when imaging and perception compe
te for the same resources, message elaboration and learning should be
undermined. Two experiments are reported that provide support for this
theorizing. In the first experiment, the learning of visual or audito
ry imagery-provoking information is adversely affected by reading or l
istening, respectively. In the second experiment, information with hig
h levels of visual imagery is found to be learned better than informat
ion with low levels of visual imagery when the information is presente
d auditorily, but the reverse occurs when information is presented vis
ually.