Ak. Kalafala et al., MICRO SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETIC ENERGY-STORAGE (SMES) SYSTEM FOR PROTECTION OF CRITICAL INDUSTRIAL AND MILITARY LOADS, IEEE transactions on magnetics, 32(4), 1996, pp. 2276-2279
A 6 MJ, 750 kVA Micro SMES system has been designed to protect critica
l loads against voltage sags and interruptions, as well as to provide
continuous power conditioning, Life-cycle costs have been minimized th
rough the use of energy efficient refrigeration units, Maintenance is
simplified through the use of Line Replaceable Units (LRU). Availabili
ty is maximized through a design approach which allows the magnet to c
ontinue protecting the load even in the case of refrigeration degradat
ion or total failure, Reliability is maximized by the use of proven co
mmercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) items, The system provides ride-through
capability for similar to 9 seconds at a power level of 454 kW. The sy
stem comprises a niobium titanium superconducting magnet, permanent co
nduction cooled hybrid current leads, a low loss cryostat, a closed-lo
op refrigeration subsystem, an off-the-shelf uninterruptible power sup
ply (UPS), a magnet interface unit to connect the magnet to the UPS, a
nd an off-the-shelf monitoring unit providing both local and remote mo
nitoring capability of system parameters.