We present a list of Italian freshwater and marine Oligochaeta in the
families Lumbriculidae, Haplotaxidae, Tubificidae, Naididae, Propappid
ae, Criodrilidae, and Lumbricidae, representing 57 genera and 130 spec
ies. Published data reflect the incomplete knowledge of the Italian ol
igochaete fauna, restricted to certain geographical areas. Subterranea
n aquatic and marine fauna are of particular interest as these have be
en studied the least. We provide a comprehensive review of the Naidida
e including, for the first time, southern Italy and the islands of Sic
ily and Sardinia. The distribution of species is discussed and taxonom
ic problems arising from the morphological variability of Italian mate
rial are examined.