This paper explores the consequences of imperfect knowledge for exchan
ge rate dynamics within I the monetary class of models. Our framework,
which we call the theories consistent expectations (TCE) framework, p
rovides a particular formalisation of a world in which agents use theo
ries in order to look forward, but in which these theories provide onl
y qualitative knowledge rather than quantitative knowledge about the e
conomy. We find that as long as agents possess al least some degree of
imperfect knowledge, the monetary models of the exchange rate generat
e dynamics consistent with the behaviour observed in the literature.