PATTERNING OF LIQUEFIED SAND SURFACE IN A CYLINDER FILLED WITH LIQUIDAND SUBJECTED TO HORIZONTAL VIBRATIONS

Sand liquefaction has been generated by horizontal vibration of a sand -liquid mixture. The pattern formation of the sand-liquid interface wa s found at large vibration intensity. The vibro-convective nature of t his relief generation is proved. We demonstrate that the only controll ing parameter is W = (b Omega)(2)/gD (radian frequency Omega, amplitud e b, cell diameter D, gravity g). An analogy is made with the vibro-co nvective relief generation of the interface between two immiscible liq uids in a closed cell submitted to high-frequency horizontal vibration . Hence, most of the results are similar to those obtained with a liqu id-liquid interface as shown in this paper; nevertheless we emphasize some peculiarities of sand behavior.