WORKING AND RECREATING WITH MACHINES - OUTDOOR RECREATION CHOICES AMONG MACHINE-TOOL WORKERS IN WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA

The relationship between work and leisure has most often been describe d in terms of three basic models. First, the spillover model suggests that one's choice of leisure is affected by interests and attitudes de veloped during work. Second, the compensation model holds that leisure choices are the opposite of one's work activities, thus providing sat isfaction not realized in the work context. Third, according to the se gmentation model, work and leisure ape distinct life domains and do no r interact Occasionally, a fourth perspective is added: Work and leisu re are mutually influential. Evidence for the first three perspectives is mixed. Moreover, there is a units-of-analysis problem in studying work and leisure; that is, what about work and leisure is comparable? A patterned socialization model of work and leisure that encompasses a nd augments these perspectives is presented in this article. Evidence from the outdoor recreation activities of a sample of workers in the m achining and tooling industries of western Pennsylvania is consistent with the position that work and leisure influence each other and that both are the result of prior socialization. The units-of-analysis prob lem is solved to some extent for this group of informants by comparing their work with machines and their leisure experiences with machines. Finally, machinists who engage in more outdoor recreation activities using machines are more satisfied with their leisure, in general.