EVIDENCE AGAINST THE OPERATION OF SELECTIVE MORTALITY IN EXPLAINING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CIGARETTE-SMOKING AND REDUCED OCCURRENCE OF IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON DISEASE

To investigate the association between idiopathic Parkinson disease (I PD) and reduced frequency of prior cigarette smoking, the authors comp ared the 29-year follow-up mortality rates and IPD incidence rates of men who were either cigarette smokers or nonsmokers at the time of enr ollment in the Honolulu Heart Study (1965-1968). Based on IPD cases de tected up to June 30, 1994, the age-adjusted incidence rate in smokers was less than half ?hat in nonsmokers: 34.4 versus 94.2 cases per 100 ,000 person-years of pre-illness follow-up, respectively. When data we re stratified by 5-year age group, lower IPD incidence in smokers was observed at all ages between 50 and 90 years. Age-specific mortality t rends for smokers and nonsmokers with and without IPD suggested that i ncreased mortality in IPD patients was mostly associated with IPD itse lf and not with smoking. The slight excess mortality in smokers withou t IPD, versus nonsmokers without IPD, appeared insufficient to account for the ''missing'' incident IPD cases in smokers. These IPD incidenc e and mortality data are not highly consistent with the ''selective mo rtality'' hypothesis, which attributes reduced prior smoking frequency , typically reported by persons with IPD, to accelerated mortality in undiagnosed IPD-affected persons who smoker The ''protective'' associa tion of cigarette smoking with IPD occurrence may thus be real, sugges ting the need for further study of biologic mechanisms of protection.