DAX,GUSTAVE AND THE EARLY HISTORY OF CEREBRAL-DOMINANCE

In 1863, 2 years before Paul Broca published his heralded paper on the special role of the left hemisphere in speech, Gustave Dax sent a pap er to the Academie de Medecine in Paris, France. His lengthy submissio n included an insightful memoir presumably written by his father Marc in 1836 and supportive material that he had collected himself. The pre sent article examines the events leading to Gustave's 1863 submission to the Academie. It also presents an English translation of the negati ve response that this paper received and a translation of the short ar ticle that Gustave published in 1865. These materials help to show how cerebral dominance was first discovered, how it was made public, and how the first advocates of the concept were judged by their contempora ries.