For most of the pattern recognition applications, it is often required
to correctly recognize patterns even if they have variations in posit
ion, rotation, and/or scale. In this paper, to achieve the goal of inv
ariant pattern recognition we propose a new neural model which consist
s of a cascade connection of four two-dimensional layers. The first th
ree layers of the neural model perform the processes of position norma
lization, rotation normalization and feature extraction, respectively.
The last layer is responsible for both recognition job and scale norm
alization by specially designing its output neurons to possess a scale
invariant property. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstr
ate that the proposed model is simple and effective for invariant patt
ern recognition. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd