Apart from what may be considered complications, the intervention of a
ny aesthetic surgery can have undesired effects (scar sequelae, normal
regional dynamic disorders, edema, iatrogenic acceleration of the agi
ng process in the area). The orbital region is particularly sensitive
to these undesirable effects due to its situation and the importance o
f the eyelids in facial sign language. The sum of these undesirable ef
fects and not infrequent complications often place the plastic surgeon
in a compromising situation. It is for this reason that in recent yea
rs we have made a special effort to analyze causes, to design new tech
niques, and to evaluate the combination of different techniques in an
attempt to minimize these undesirable effects, so as to be able to off
er patients more natural and safer results. It is with this intention
that this paper records some anatomical and functional details of the
eyelids, analyzes the physiology of the aging process, and examines so
me classic and modern techniques.