LINKING CLINICAL AND PUBLIC-HEALTH APPROACHES TO IMPROVE ACCESS TO HEALTH-CARE FOR SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED MOTHERS AND CHILDREN - A FEASIBILITY STUDY

Objective: To test the feasibility of combining home- and office-based interventions to improve access to health care and health outcomes of Medicaid-eligible mothers and infants. Design: Randomized trial in 2 counties in North Carolina (1 rural, 1 urban). Information on health a nd developmental outcomes was obtained by face-to-face interviews, med ical chart abstractions, hospital medical records, and state data tape s. Participants: Ninety-three Medicaid-eligible first-time pregnant wo men in their third trimester and their subsequently born infants, who were followed up until they were 6 months old, and 3 pediatric practic es and 1 family practice. Interventions: Coordinated home visit and of fice intervention, office intervention, and usual care. Home visits by 3 public health nurses provided parental education and social support and linked families with needed community resources. Women in the off ice intervention group were encouraged to seek health care for their i nfants from one of the primary care practices. Participating offices r eceived assistance with Medicaid billing, help developing a system to improve preventive care, and customized patient education materials. R esults: Mothers reported that the nurses helped them in areas related to the content of the program. An office system for prevention was dev eloped and implemented in all 4 practices for study patients. Families in the intervention groups were more likely than control families to have had a prenatal visit with a pediatrician (P=.01, chi(2)), a prima ry care office as the regular source of sick care (P=.02, chi(2)), and less waiting time (P=.02, Student t test). They were also more likely to recall receiving patient education materials (P=.007, chi(2)). Con clusions: It is feasible to link clinical and public health approaches to improve the quality and effectiveness of care for socially disadva ntaged children. Such interventions should be tested in defined popula tions.