Various reconstructed GaSb(001) surfaces were prepared and investigate
d in situ using core-level photoelectron spectroscopy. The change in t
he surface components of the Ga 3d and Sb 4d revealed that Ga atom row
s are not necessary for formation of the c(2x6) surface. A new model i
s proposed in which the origin of the x3 periodicity along the [-110]
direction is due to Sb-dimer rows. Another is proposed for the changin
g of the surface structure from a c(2x6) surface to a Ga-rich 2x3 surf
ace; this model accounts for the appearance of a surface component in
the Ga 3d corresponding to the Ga atom rows under Ga-rich conditions.