PRETREATMENT OF WOOL COTTON FOR UNION DYEING .2. FIBER REACTIVE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM-COMPOUNDS/

Commercial dye fixatives, including those with fiber reactivity and am ino, quaternary, and cationic nitrogen, were examined as pretreatment compounds for ionic dye attraction in dyeing wool/cotton to union shad es. Some fixatives were ionically bound to wool and cotton and some we re chemically bound through epoxide and azetidinium ring openings or t hrough guanidino functions to impart amino and quaternary ammonium fun ctionality. A monomeric fiber-reactive quaternary (FRQuat) fixative wi th quaternary ammonium and epoxide reactivity was examined as a protot ype because of its simple structure and small molecular size.