H. Ashrafiuon et al., MODELING OF A DEFORMABLE MANNEQUIN NECK FOR MULTIBODY DYNAMIC SIMULATION, Mathematical and computer modelling, 24(2), 1996, pp. 45-56
The Articulated Total Body (ATB) is a rigid body dynamics computer mod
el of the human body used at the Armstrong Laboratory (AL). The model
is used to predict the kinetic response of the human body in different
dynamic environments, such as aircraft pilot ejections, sled tests, e
tc. In order to predict the response accurately, however, a rigid body
model may not be sufficient. This is particularly true for the more f
lexible segments such as the neck, and for cases where local segment v
ibrations occur. In this study, a deformable body dynamics option of t
he ATB is developed, which incorporates linear deformation of individu
al segments in the ATB model. The displacements due to deformation are
determined using finite element modal analysis. The study concentrate
s on the modeling of manikin necks which have shown large deformation
in certain environments. The Hybrid III manikin neck finite element mo
del and modal solution are presented. Modal analysis results are incor
porated into the ATB model. Selected parameters for quasi-static Hybri
d III neck and several head-neck dynamic simulations are compared with
the experimental results, where available. It is shown that the new m
odel simulation results have excellent agreement with the experimental
results, particularly when compared with the rigid model.