INTRINSIC EFFICIENCIES OF TL MATERIALS

The intrinsic efficiency is studied theoretically and experimentally. A simple model describing the various processes of trapping, transfer and recombination of charge carriers leads to a theoretical upper limi t for common TL materials of the intrinsic efficiency of approximately 14%. A TL reader was calibrated for measurements of the absolute numb er of emitted TL photons. The prompt light yield (during irradiation) was also measured. The intrinsic efficiency was determined for a numbe r of commonly used thermoluminescence materials to give the following results: LiF(TLD-100, single crystals), 0.017%; LiF(TLD-100),0.031%; L iF(GR-200A), 0.91%; CaF2(TLD-200), 4.1%; CaF2:Tm(TLD-300), 0.29% and A l2O3:C, 0.84%.