STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION AND CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENT OF THE HUMAN 14-3-3-ETA-CHAIN GENE (YWHAH)

14-3-3 protein, a brain-specific protein, is thought to be a multifunc tional protein involved in the activation of tyrosine and tryptophan h ydroxylases, the inhibition or activation of protein kinase C, and the activation of signal transduction. The human 14-3-3 eta chain gene wa s isolated and its structure was determined, It is composed of two exo ns separated by one long intron (approximately 8 kb) and spans about 1 0 kb, A transcription initiation site was identified by a combination of S1 nuclease mapping, primer extension analysis, and RACE methods. I n the 5'-flanking region, we found four GC box sequences, four anti-CC box sequences, a TATA box-like sequence, CAAT box-like sequences, a C /EBP element, two AP-2 sequences, an AP-3 sequence, an Oct-6-like sequ ence, six E boxes, and a CRE sequence. FISH with DNA probes of the hum an 14-3-3 eta chain gene mapped the 14-3-3 eta chain gene to chromosom e 22q12.1-q13.1. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.