DNA-PLOIDY AND PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS IN SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA CELL-LINES OF THE HEAD AND NECK

Aneuploidy, as abnormal nuclear DNA content, is considered almost posi tive evidence of malignancy. In this study three diploid and three ane uploid squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines were examined for DNA content by flow cytometry. The DNA indices of the SCC cell lines were found to range from 1.0 to 2.1. The mitotic activity of the diploid ce ll lines was 1.6 times higher and the cells were smaller than aneuploi d cells. To find a molecular basis for these differences, the pattern of the de-novo synthesized proteins was analyzed by means of [S-35]met hionine incorporation, electrophoresis, and autoradiography. In all an euploid SCC cell lines tested in this experiment, the increase of nucl ear DNA content is associated with the synthesis of a novel protein wi th a molecular mass of approximate 55 kDa as well as with altered synt hesis rates of two preexisting proteins (50 kDa and 100 kDa). For dete rmination of the amino acid uptake in diploid and aneuploid cells, the accumulation of [S-35]methionine was measured as a function of time b y liquid scintillation counting. No significant difference was found i n the uptake rate between diploid and aneuploid cells with the same pr otein content. However, discrepancies were revealed when equal numbers of cells with different DNA index were used, suggesting, that protein turnover is different in diploid and aneuploid SCC cells.