Dh. Daiker et al., REPEATED ORAL BENZENE EXPOSURE ALTERS ENZYMES INVOLVED IN BENZENE METABOLISM, Journal of toxicology and environmental health, 48(5), 1996, pp. 439-451
Benzene is a known carcinogen and hematopoietic toxin in humans and ex
perimental animals. The effect of acute, high-dose exposure to benzene
on hepatic bioactivation and detoxication enzymes has been defined wh
ile little is known about the effect of repeated, low-dose benzene exp
osure on these enzymes. Our objective was to determine whether repeale
d, oral benzene exposure alters enzymes involved in benzene metabolism
. Specifically, we were concerned with cytochrome P-450-2E1, a bioacti
vation enzyme, and glutathione transferase and aldehyde dehydrogenase,
two detoxifying enzymes. Female CD-1 mice were treated by gavage for
3 wk with benzene doses of 5 mg/kg (0.064 mmol/kg) or 50 mg/kg (0.646
mmol/kg) in corn oil. These doses of benzene produced 0.048 and 0.236
pmol muconic acid/d, respectively. We found that repeated exposure to
50 mg benzene/kg/d decreased P-450-2E1 activity by 34% and induced glu
tathione transferase activity by 30% without affecting aldehyde dehydr
ogenase activity. These changes in enzyme activities may serve a prote
ctive role against repeated exposure to benzene.