We discuss the current level of demand-side management (DSM) occurring
in selected European countries and review the availability of informa
tion on DSM programs and program evaluation. Thirteen European DSM pro
grams are compared by examining such factors as motivations for progra
m implementation, marketing methods, participation rates, total energy
savings and program costs. The transfer of DSM program results and ex
periences found in these case studies is also discussed, as well as th
e lessons learned during the design, implementation and evaluation of
these programs. We find that these programs represent cost-effective r
esources and expect that these types of DSM programs will be useful fo
r utilities and governments in emerging utility competition and restru
cturing, for both energy and non-energy reasons. Published by Elsevier
Science.