MEASURING THE UHE COSMIC-RAY COMPOSITION WITH TRACKING DETECTORS IN AIR-SHOWER ARRAYS

Measuring the angles of muons and electrons in air showers is proposed as a method for studying the primary cosmic-ray mass composition near the knee of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum at a few 10(15) eV. Conven tional tracking detectors at existing air-shower arrays could serve th is purpose, like the CRT detectors at the HEGRA array. When the averag e radial muon angles are examined as a function of shower core distanc e, the experimental resolution can be very well calibrated from the ta ngential angle distribution. The method is particularly promising for measuring changes in the average mass number of the primary cosmic ray s with energy. The method is described and experimental and theoretica l constraints are discussed.