A selection of children's picture atlases was analysed for pictorial c
ontent and illustrative style. Eighty six primary children were interv
iewed and an assessment made of their identification and interpretatio
n of map-located pictures. Picture recognition and interpretation with
out reference to any explanatory legend or text were found to be highl
y variable. Some characteristics of picture misinterpretation are iden
tified and a number of aspects of children's reasoning about picture l
ocation are explored. Some tentative guidelines are presented for cart
ographers and illustrators as well for teachers and parents.