MONOSYNAPTIC PROJECTIONS FROM THE NUCLEUS-TRACTUS-SOLITARII TO C1 ADRENERGIC-NEURONS IN THE ROSTRAL VENTROLATERAL MEDULLA - COMPARISON WITHINPUT FROM THE CAUDAL VENTROLATERAL MEDULLA

The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL) contains reticulospinal adrene rgic (C1) neurons that are thought to be sympathoexcitatory and that f orm the medullary efferent limb of the baroreceptor reflex pathway. Th e RVL receives direct projections from two important autonomic regions , the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVL) and the nucleus tractus solit arii (NTS). In the present study, we used anterograde tracing from the CVL or the NTS combined with immunocytochemical identification of C1 adrenergic neurons in the RVL to compare the morphology of afferent in put from these two autonomic regions into the RVL. NTS (n=203) and CVL (n=380) efferent terminals had similar morphology and vesicular conte nt, but CVL efferent terminals were slightly larger than NTS efferent terminals. Overall, efferent terminals from either region were equally likely to contact adrenergic neurons in the RVL (21% for NTS, 25% for CVL). Although efferents from both regions formed both symmetric and asymmetric synapses, NTS efferent terminals were statistically more li kely to form asymmetric synapses than CVL efferent terminals. CVL effe rent terminals were more likely to contact adrenergic somata than were NTS efferents, which usually contacted dendrites. These findings 1) s upport the hypothesis that a portion of NTS efferents to the RVL may b e involved in sympathoexcitatory, e.g., chemoreceptor, reflexes (via a symmetric synapses), whereas those from the CVL mediate sympathoinhibi tion (via symmetric synapses); and 2) provide an anatomical substrate for differential postsynaptic modulation of C1 neurons by projections from the NTS and CVL. With their more frequent somatic localization, C VL inhibitory inputs may be more influential than excitatory NTS input s in determining the discharge of RVL neurons. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, In c.