B. Grisogono et M. Tjernstrom, THERMAL MESOSCALE CIRCULATIONS ON THE BALTIC COAST .2. PERTURBATION OF SURFACE PARAMETERS, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 101(D14), 1996, pp. 18999-19012
A three-dimensional numerical study of an observed seabreeze (SE) is p
resented in a companion paper, part 1. This paper, part 2, addresses t
he influence of various forcing parameters emanating from the physical
surface and perturbing the control run. The control run in part 1 rev
eals that the SE stage is preceded by a coastal jet (CJ) stage and tha
t even moderate terrain seems to have a strong influence on the coasta
l mesoscale circulation. The parameter sensitivity analysis attempts t
o identify the hierarchy of surface effects on the previously observed
and modeled dynamics, while the background airflow parameters remain
unchanged. Seven perturbation runs are presented: two topographic, thr
ee land surface, and two sea surface temperature perturbations. It is
shown that the terrain elevations (h(0) less than or equal to 206m) ha
ve profound impact on the flow and its time history. The main offshore
island has a notable impact but does not change the main flow structu
re. Surface temperature perturbations modify the CJ pattern dictated b
y the mesoscale thermal wind; they also influence the SE shape more bu
t the SE front propagation less. The SE at one coast is ''locked up in
phase'' with another SE at an almost perpendicular coast (i.e., the f
irst SE waits until the other SE removes the opposing ambient flow). T
his is governed by the specific distribution of land and water, and by
the direction of the ambient flow against the coastline. Introduced S
ST gradients have minor to moderate, localized influence on the dynami
cs for this case.