This article examines the implementation and effectiveness of safeguar
ds, contained in the Codes of Practice which accompany the Police and
Criminal Evidence Act 1984, for suspects who are detained in police cu
stody and who are suffering from mental illness or who have learning d
ifficulties. Consideration is given to the difficulties encountered in
recognising those who fall within these vulnerable groups, whilst pro
blems affecting both the implementation and effectiveness of the safeg
uards are explored. Proposals are made which seek to provide increased
protection for all vulnerable suspects.