A novel glandular structure is described within the metatibia in ants
of the poneroid group. This metatibial gland has been considered a maj
or synapomorphic character of the subfamilies belonging to the dorylin
e section. Histological investigations combined with scanning electron
micrograph studies revealed a remarkably complex gland, consisting of
a glandular epithelium and a cuticular pore plate, the morphology of
which varies considerably between the species. This gland is also pres
ent in species of the genera Diacamma and Pachycondyla (Ponerini). Bas
ed on the morphology of glandular epithelia and pore plates, it is not
possible to decide whether this structure is homologous or analogous
to that of the doryline section subfamilies. In workers of certain spe
cies of the genus Diacamma, the secretions of this gland are involved
in sexual calling behavior.