A several-step tank formation method and related charging equipment ha
ve been developed for automotive lead/acid batteries. This process off
ers the advantages of reduced energy requirements, increased charging
efficiency and reduced environmental problems. Results also suggest th
at several-step formation ameliorates the problem of premature capacit
y loss and extends the useful service-life of automotive batteries. Th
is is thought to be due to the production of greater amounts of alpha-
PbO2 in the positive plates.