CISPLATIN NEPHROTOXICITY - INHIBITION OF GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSPEPTIDASE BLOCKS THE NEPHROTOXICITY OF CISPLATIN WITHOUT REDUCING PLATINUM CONCENTRATIONS IN THE KIDNEY
Mh. Hanigan et al., CISPLATIN NEPHROTOXICITY - INHIBITION OF GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSPEPTIDASE BLOCKS THE NEPHROTOXICITY OF CISPLATIN WITHOUT REDUCING PLATINUM CONCENTRATIONS IN THE KIDNEY, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 175(2), 1996, pp. 270-273
OBJECTIVE: Inhibition of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity by aci
vicin or a large bolus of intravenous glutathione blocks the nephrotox
icity of cisplatin. The purpose of this study was to determine whether
these compounds inhibit nephrotoxicity by reducing the amount of plat
inum retained by the kidney. STUDY DESIGN: The platinum concentration
in urine and kidney of cisplatin-treated rats was determined by graphi
te furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, Tissues from three experime
ntal groups of rats were analyzed, The first group was treated with a
nephrotoxic dose of cisplatin. The second group was treated with acivi
cin before cisplatin. The third group received a bolus of glutathione
before cisplatin. Urine collected for 3 hours after the injection of c
isplatin and kidney tissue from animals 5 days after treatment were an
alyzed for platinum content. RESULTS: Urine from animals pretreated wi
th acivicin had the same concentration of platinum as that of control
animals treated with cisplatin alone. Analysis of kidney tissue, blood
urea nitrogen and serum creatinine 5 days after treatment; showed tha
t pretreatment with acivicin or glutathione blocked the nephrotoxicity
of cisplatin, However, these agents did not alter the concentration o
f platinum in the kidney, CONCLUSIONS: The data in this study reveal t
hat pretreatment with acivicin or glutathione does not block the uptak
e of platinum into the kidney nor do these agents reduce the concentra
tion of platinum retained by the kidney, The mechanism by which these
agents may inhibit the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin is discussed.