A 14-year-old girl with HIV infection and subcutaneous Kaposi's sarcom
a (KS) received thalidomide therapy for oral ulcers, resulting in regr
ession of KS lesions, disappearance of KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV
) DNA from blood, and reduced viral load in tumor tissue. Administrati
on of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor resulted in clinical exace
rbation of KS and reappearance of KSHV DNA in blood.