Pyomyoma (suppurative leiomyoma) is a rare entity characterized by inf
arction and infection of a uterine leiomyoma, Pyomyomas may pose both
diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, leading to potential complica
tions such as bacteremia, uterine rupture, and even death, In the-case
we describe, uterine pyomyoma occurred as a complication of pregnancy
in a 31-year-old woman with a history of intravenous drug abuse, We p
ostulate that the patient's illicit drug use caused transient bacterem
ia resulting in bacterial seeding of a uterine leiomyoma that had infa
rcted due to pregnancy. Therapy consisted of total abdominal hysterect
omy and intravenous antibiotic administration. We believe this is the
first reported case of a pyomyoma developing in association with intra
venous drug abuse.