VARIABILITY IN LENGTH OF HOSPITALIZATION FOR STROKE - THE ROLE OF MANAGED CARE IN AN ELDERLY POPULATION

Objectives: To measure hospital stay for acute stroke care and to desc ribe health services and demographic factors associated with longer le ngth of stay (LOS). Design: Observational, retrospective consecutive c ase series. Setting: Large tertiary-care teaching hospital in Massachu setts. Patients: The patient population comprised 745 patients aged 65 years and older admitted with ischemic stroke from 1982 through 1995. Main Outcome Measures: Hospital LOS (1-5, 6-10, and >10 days) as well as total charges and discharge location. Results: Median LOS was 7 da ys (range, 1-289 days), and median total charges were $8740 (range, $5 22-$135172); LOS explained 62% of the variance in total charges. Insur ance status was a major factor in determining LOS: after possible conf ounders were controlled for, patients enrolled in a health maintenance organization were significantly less likely to have long hospital sta ys (odds ratio [OR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.66) than we re conventional Medicare enrollees, while the LOS of patients with oth er insurance coverage was no different from that of Medicare patients. Longer LOS was significantly associated with greater comorbidity (OR, 1.52 for a Charlson comorbidity index >2), institutionalization prior to hospital admission (OR, 1.83), and unmarried status (OR, 1.37) and was inversely associated with year of admission (OR, 0.30 in years 19 91-1995 vs 1982-1986). Age, sex, and race were not associated with LOS . Discharge to a nursing home or inpatient rehabilitation site was not associated with type of insurance coverage (OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-1.69 for patients in a health maintenance organization vs conventional Medicare patients). Conclusions: There is marked varia bility in length of hospital stay for ischemic stroke among the elderl y, even after underlying patient differences are controlled for. Manag ed care may result in increased efficiency of in-hospital. care and im proved discharge planning for these patients; further study of the ult imate clinical outcomes of such care is needed.