M. Bakhshijooybari et al., FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY OF HOT CLOSED-DIE UPSETTING, International journal of machine tools & manufacture, 36(9), 1996, pp. 1021-1032
Close-die upsetting often forms part of the sequence of producing a fi
nished part from a billet in closed-die precision forging. Experiments
have been performed to obtain the geometry of the deformed workpiece,
and also the forging load as a function of punch movement during the
closed-die upsetting. An elastic-plastic finite element program has al
so been used to simulate the process. In order to obtain realistic res
ults from the simulation, preliminary experiments were carried out to
ensure that the thermal parameters were properly introduced. The resul
ts obtained from the simulation are in good agreement with those from
the experiments. As the FE simulation has been validated by experiment
it may be used alone with confidence to generate data for an intellig
ent knowledge-based system (IKBS) for forging die design which include
s similar processes. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science
Ltd