Rj. Gatchel et al., MAJOR PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC TMD - AN INITIAL EXAMINATION, The Journal of the American Dental Association, 127(9), 1996, pp. 1365
This study assessed psychological disorders in 50 patients with chroni
c temporomandibular disorders and 51 patients with acute TMD. The resu
lts revealed a significant psychological comorbidity in both groups of
patients. Both groups had high rates of psychopathology that exceeded
the base rates of the general population. Such findings are in keepin
g with an integrated biopsychosocial model of TMD, and have significan
t implications for treatment of these patients.