Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare, either benign or malignant tumor of
the peritoneum. We retrospectively analyzed the imaging features of s
ix malignant and three benign peritoneal mesothelioma. Asbestos exposu
re was proven in three of the six malignant cases and in none of the t
hree benign cases. Ascites was found in seven patients (78%), peritone
al masses in eight patients (88%), small peritoneal nodules in six pat
ients (66%), parietal peritoneal thickening in six patients (66%), thi
ckened mesentery in five patients (55%) and pleural plaques as well as
nodules in one patient. These imaging features support the diagnosis
of peritoneal mesothelioma but do not allow differentiation between be
nign and malignant forms of peritoneal mesothelioma.