COOPER-PAIR CHARGE SOLITONS - THE ELECTRODYNAMICS OF LOCALIZED CHARGEIN A SUPERCONDUCTOR

One-dimensional arrays of small-capacitance Josephson junctions exhibi t a current-voltage curve that is characterized by a zero-current stat e for bias voltage below a threshold voltage V-t. The threshold voltag es can be modulated with an external magnetic field B, which tunes eff ective Josephson coupling between adjacent electrodes of the array. Th e dependance of V-t on B is well explained by a model where V-t is the injection voltage for a Cooper-pair charge soliton.