A 15-year-old boy with the characteristic features of the naevoid basa
l cell carcinoma syndrome presented with a retroperitoneal mass. The t
umour showed morphological features of a still ill-defined variant of
fetal rhabdomyoma, characterized by well-differentiated nerve fibres a
dmired with immature striated muscle cells, similar to neuromuscular c
horistoma. Four cases of fetal rhabdomyoma and naevoid basal cell carc
inoma syndrome have been previously reported. The behaviour of this tu
mour has been benign, although a complete excision was impossible due
to its close relation with abdominal vascular trunks.