Wjj. Gerrits et al., EFFECT OF PROTEIN AND PROTEIN-FREE ENERGY-INTAKE ON PROTEIN AND FAT DEPOSITION RATES IN PRERUMINANT CALVES OF 80 TO 240 KG LIVE WEIGHT, Journal of animal science, 74(9), 1996, pp. 2129-2139
Two experiments were conducted to quantify the effects of protein inta
ke on protein and fat deposition rates at two protein-free, energy int
ake levels in 90 preruminant Holstein Friesian x Dutch Friesian calves
. The two experiments were similar in design, but were performed in tw
o different weight ranges: 80 to 160 kg BW and 160 to 240 kg BW in Exp
. 1 and 2, respectively. In each experiment, calves were allocated to
either an initial slaughter group or to one of 12 treatments (three ca
lves per treatment), which consisted of six protein intake levels at e
ach of two protein-free energy intake levels. Calves were slaughtered
and analyzed for body composition when they had reached the target wei
ght. A balance study was conducted when calves reached 120 and 200 kg
BW in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Protein digestibility increased with
increasing protein intake in both experiments (P < .001). Average dai
ly gain of the empty body varied between 640 and 1,340 g/d and between
420 and 1,370 g/d in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively, and was affected by
protein (P < .001) and protein-free energy intake (P < .001). The calv
es responded to increased protein intake by increasing their protein (
P < .001) and fat (P < .01) deposition rates. Maximum protein depositi
on was reached in the second experiment at 244 g/d. Extra protein-free
energy intake resulted mainly in extra fat deposition (P < .001), but
also increased the protein deposition (P < .01), even at low protein
intake levels. In both experiments, the response of protein deposition
rate to increased protein intakes was low: about 30% of the extra ing
ested protein was deposited. These results clearly demonstrate a low p
riority for partitioning dietary protein into protein gain in these ca
lves.