Despite intense investigative efforts, the causes of ulcerative coliti
s and Crohn's disease remain elusive, The mainstay of medical therapy
focuses on inhibition of the effects of the inflammatory mediators ope
rant in inflammatory bowel disease because the causes of these two chr
onic disorders are unknown. During recent years, the physician's armam
entarium for medical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease has incre
ased substantially, in this article, the current standard medical ther
apies available for treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel dise
ase are reviewed along with their efficacy; the side effects and statu
s of other investigative drugs also are reviewed.