The development of a general theory of clustering is sketched. The pri
mary focus is on the use of the pair connectedness function in problem
s of correlated clustering and on the Ornstein-Zernike formalism that
has been developed to evaluate this function and relate it to observed
mesoscopic and macroscopic properties. The treatment here stresses pe
rcolation, which has already been found to be directly relevant to com
plex-matter problems. It goes on to show the way the general theory be
comes a theory of chemical association when applied to chemically asso
ciating fluids. In the complete-association limit, it becomes a site-s
ite theory of molecular fluids.