SENSITIVITY OF ERS-1 SAR TO VARIATIONS IN SOIL-WATER IN FIRE-DISTURBED BOREAL FOREST ECOSYSTEMS

Studies of ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery have shown tha t fire scars in Alaskan forests are significantly brighter (3-6 dB) th an surrounding unburned forest. The signature varies seasonally and ch anges as vegetation re-establishes on the site over longer time period s (> 5 years). Additionally, it is known that soil water content typic ally increases following forest fires due to changes in evapotranspira tion rates and melting of the permafrost. The objective of this study was to understand the relation between soil water content and the ERS- 1 SAR signature at fire-disturbed sites. To accomplish this objective, we compared soil water in six burned black spruce (Picea mariana (Mil l.) B.S.P.) forest sites in interior Alaska to ERS-1 SAR backscatter m easurements. The six sites are of various age since burn. Soil water w as periodically measured at each site during the summer of 1992 and at one site in 1993 and 1994 when the ERS-1 imaging radar was scheduled to pass overhead. Results indicate that a positive linear relation exi sts between soil water content and the SAR backscatter coefficient in young burns (< similar to 4 years). Older burns do not show this relat ion, a result of vegetation establishment following the burn. This int eraction between soil moisture condition and ERS-1 SAR backscatter sho ws great potential for measuring soil water content and monitoring sea sonal variations in soil water content in black spruce sites recently disturbed by wildfire.