Y. Terao et al., INPUT-OUTPUT ORGANIZATION IN THE HAND AREA OF THE HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX, ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND MOTOR CONTROL-ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 97(6), 1995, pp. 375-381
The primate motor cortex consists of efferent zones which receive sens
ory information from a portion of limb in close anatomical relation to
the muscle to which they project. To investigate a similar input-outp
ut relation in humans, we studied the effect of tactile stimuli on the
size of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magne
tic and electrical stimulation. For tactile stimuli we applied air to
the skin. The sizes of MEP of 3 finger muscles (flexor pollicis brevis
, first dorsal interosseous, and abductor digiti minimi) with and with
out air stimuli were compared. Air stimuli applied to the tip of one f
inger facilitated mainly the magnetically evoked MEP of a muscle attac
hed to that finger. A less obvious facilitatory effect was observed wh
en giving stimuli on the dorsal aspect of the hand. Air stimuli had no
facilitatory effect on electrically evoked MEPs. In one subject, ther
e was no facilitatory effect even to magnetically evoked MEPs. In this
subject, D-waves had the lowest threshold for magnetic and electrical
stimulation. These results suggested that the effect was produced at
the cortical level. This effect may correspond to the input-output rel
ation found in the primate motor cortex.