DETECTION OF CERVICAL BACTERIAL-CONTAMINATION IN SWINE BY 2 METHODS OF SWABBING IN RELATION TO ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION

Factors associated with uterine contamination during artificial insemi nation (AI) are not well defined, A frequently imputed risk factor is vulvar hygiene, although its role has never been assessed objectively. The aim of this study was to identify an objective marker of hygiene during AI and to assess the impact of vulvar hygiene on cervical conta mination. In a herd in a depopulation-repopulation process, 68 paired sows of each parity were divided into 2 treatment groups, Before 2 sha m AIs, with a 24 hour interval, control sows (CTR) had their vulva cle aned and treatment sows (TRT) had theirs soiled with feces. After the 2nd sham AI, swabbings were taken from the spirette and from the cervi x. Bacterial growth was assessed by a semiquantitative method, and aer obic bacterial species identified, The discordance between the paired data was assessed by a McNemar chi-square test. No difference in gram- positive bacterial counts between the 2 groups was found using the cer vical swab (P > 0.05). The presence of trace colonies of Escherichia c oli were, however, more frequent in TRT (P < 0.05), The spirette showe d a greater contamination for mixed flora of bacterial species such as E. coli (P < 0.001) and non-S. suis streptococci (P < 0.05) in TRT so ws. A light cervical E. coli growth was more frequent when the vulva h ad been soiled. Bacterial flora on the spirette following AI may be us ed as an objective and practical indicator of vulvar hygiene during AI in sows.